▲?作者：Ajay S. Labade, Zachary D. Chiang et al.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adt2781

▲摘要：

在此，我们研发了“原位基因组扩增测序技术”（ExIGS），周论首次在单细胞层面实现了基因组DNA测序与核蛋白超精确定位的同步分析。通过ExIGS技术对早衰症成纤维细胞的分析发现，纤层蛋白异常可能与染色质调控紊乱热点相关，进而可能导致细胞特性丢失。

研究还揭示核纤层蛋白具有广谱转录抑制功能，这表明核形态的差异或许会调控不同组织及衰老细胞的基因表达。这些成果证实ExIGS可作为一种通用研究平台，通过建立核异常与基因调控的关联，为探索疾病机制提供全新路径。

▲ Abstract：

Here, we describe expansion in situ genome sequencing (ExIGS), a technology that enables sequencing of genomic DNA and super-resolution localization of nuclear proteins in single cells. Applying ExIGS to progeria-derived fibroblasts revealed that lamin abnormalities are linked to hotspots of aberrant chromatin regulation that may erode cell identity. Lamin was found to generally repress transcription, suggesting that variation in nuclear morphology may affect gene regulation across tissues and aged cells. These results demonstrate that ExIGS may serve as a generalizable platform with which to link nuclear abnormalities to gene regulation, offering insights into disease mechanisms.

地球科学Earth Science

医学Medicine

▲?作者：Maria Lopopolo, Charlotte Avanzi et al.

▲链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adu7144

▲摘要：

在此，我们展示了麻风分枝杆菌在欧洲殖民前就已感染美洲人群。通过筛查389份古代样本和408份现代样本，我们显著扩充了该菌种的遗传数据库。系统发育分析显示，麻风分枝杆菌存在不同的感染人类分支，其中一支自殖民时期起就在北美占据主导地位。

在南北美洲发现的具有数千年历史的菌株表明，该病原体可能在全新世晚期就已广泛传播，这证实了麻风病在欧洲人抵达前就已在美洲长期存在。

▲ Abstract：

Here, we show that M. lepromatosis infected humans in the Americas before European contact. By screening 389 ancient and 408 contemporary samples, we have expanded the genetic data available for the species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed distinct human-infecting clades of M. lepromatosis, with one dominating North America since colonial times. The presence of millennia-old strains in North and South America indicates that M. lepromatosis may have been widespread during the Late Holocene, demonstrating that M. lepromatosis leprosy has a long-standing history in the Americas before European arrival.

生态学Ecology